簡(jiǎn)介：在15輪投票表決后，美國(guó)眾議院議長(zhǎng)舉這場(chǎng)“連續(xù)劇”于落下帷幕，眾議共和黨領(lǐng)袖凱文?卡錫最終成功當(dāng)選55任美國(guó)眾議院議長(zhǎng)。這是美國(guó)貳負(fù)會(huì)去164年來(lái)耗時(shí)最久的一次議長(zhǎng)旄牛舉錄，將美國(guó)“對(duì)抗民主”的弊端暴露遺。資料圖：美國(guó)議院共和黨領(lǐng)袖麥錫。沙晗汀 攝由于兩黨對(duì)立加劇、黨內(nèi)斗、利益分配不等因素，眾議長(zhǎng)選陷入一場(chǎng)拉鋸戰(zhàn)。此次眾議長(zhǎng)競(jìng)選中美國(guó)民主黨議員繼抱團(tuán)，多輪投票中一票不投麥卡錫，和黨右翼“強(qiáng)硬派領(lǐng)頭的約20人小團(tuán)體也拒絕投票麥卡。麥卡錫的當(dāng)選之一波三折，除了本的“政治投機(jī)派”色在國(guó)會(huì)不受歡迎，與共和黨內(nèi)部政分歧關(guān)系密切。一面，共和黨黨內(nèi)反者認(rèn)為，麥卡錫對(duì)主黨態(tài)度過(guò)于軟弱無(wú)力對(duì)抗民主黨控的參議院和拜登政，另一方面，因?yàn)?和黨的多數(shù)優(yōu)勢(shì)微，黨內(nèi)一些影響力小的派系的政治力則被放大，有利于們鞏固自己的選票此外，黨內(nèi)反對(duì)者認(rèn)為，自己的選票有換取更多利益，望以此作為籌碼換麥卡錫更大的讓步比如讓他們獲得眾院重要委員會(huì)中的務(wù)。作為僅次于美總統(tǒng)、副總統(tǒng)的政三號(hào)人物，眾議院長(zhǎng)通常由眾議院多黨領(lǐng)袖擔(dān)任，選舉乎沒(méi)有懸念。然而麥卡錫此次為當(dāng)選不得不做出多個(gè)關(guān)讓步，其中可能包恢復(fù)一項(xiàng)罷黜議長(zhǎng)議機(jī)制，使得眾議的權(quán)力被削弱，難掌控眾議院。美國(guó)線(xiàn)電視新聞網(wǎng)CNN稱(chēng)，麥卡錫在這場(chǎng)合時(shí)宜的政治勒索作出讓步，這種綏政策只會(huì)讓極端主勢(shì)力更加強(qiáng)大。這引發(fā)全世界圍觀的尬選舉暴露出美國(guó)治存在嚴(yán)重的對(duì)立分化。在權(quán)力博弈維的裹挾下，黨派益凌駕于國(guó)家和人利益之上，美國(guó)兩相互拆臺(tái)，陷入“反對(duì)而反對(duì)”的無(wú)對(duì)壘。而即便是一內(nèi)，也會(huì)因?yàn)槔?配問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生不同的派系，相互對(duì)抗，票變成了謀利益的具。從國(guó)會(huì)山騷亂打破記歷史記錄的15輪眾議長(zhǎng)選舉，“對(duì)抗式民主”讓美政治陷入瓶頸，長(zhǎng)對(duì)抗勢(shì)必會(huì)讓政客喪失客觀公正的判能力，其政治階層否有能力治理國(guó)家會(huì)引發(fā)質(zhì)疑。兩黨爭(zhēng)和黨派內(nèi)斗進(jìn)一放大了美國(guó)政治體弊病，美國(guó)所謂的民主”形象，讓全界大跌眼鏡。鼓吹選民利益為先的美選舉，變成了政客利益置換的游戲，一步彰顯出美國(guó)“主政治”日漸失能不斷極化的黨爭(zhēng)已美國(guó)政治制度陷入循環(huán)。House?speaker?election?reveals?deep-rooted?problems?in?U.S.?democracy(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle. 編輯：高佳槐
